آهافه āhāna, اهانه ahāna , The crown of the head; the summit of a mountain; a hillock; an upper chamber, open gallery, or principal apartment in eastern houses; the top of a house; villainy; a disgraceful action; deformity.

آينه دار āyina-dār , The mirror-holder, a male or female attendant on the great in the East; a barber, a hair-dresser.

G ارخون arḵẖūn (ἀρχων), A prince, chief, archon; a high-priest, patriarch (among Eastern Christians).

arẓ , The earth, ground, soil; land, country, region; a portion of land; — arẓi ḵẖālī, Uncultivated ground; — arẓi rūm (country of the Romans), Name of a city on the confines of Armenia and Cappadocia; — arẓi mamālik, A prime minister; — arẓi nūḥ, The land of Noah, a place so called in Eastern Arabia.

اسكندراباد iskandar-ābād , Name of a town founded by Alexander in Eastern Persia.

a اشراقى ishrāqī , Of or pertaining to sun-rise; eastern, oriental; having the splendour of the East; — ishrāqī namāz, Morning prayer.

افرنجة ifranjat, afranja , Name of a city in Egypt; Eastern Africa; Europe; a bugbear to frighten children.

A امير amīr (pl. امراء umarāʻ), A commander, governor, emperor, chief, leader, lord, prince; a person of rank or distinction; a gentleman; (amīru ʼl-umarā, Prince of princes, chief of the nobles, a title given by Eastern princes to their prime ministers); — amīri ābi ḥaywān, The prophet...

انگريز angrez , Tarragon, a kind of herb; — angrez, ingrez, The English (adopted in Hindūstān from the Portuguese); — kampanī angrez, The English East India Company.

...To accept, to approve; — angusht bar ḥarf nihādan, To blame, censure, criticise; — angusht bar dahān nihādan, angusht bar giriftan, To put the finger on the mouth [an Eastern manner of expressing surprise, which motion of the finger is called angushti taḥayyur (taʻajjub, ḥairān, ḥairāt), The finger of wonderment; — angushti burak, A kind of mole whose flesh...

انگليون angalyūn (G. εὐαγγέλιον), The gospel; silk of a changing colour, shot silk; also of various colours; a species of brocade, so named because the Christians of the East generally kept the Evangels carefully-wrapped up in a rich stuff of this kind; the book of the painter and impostor Mānī; a cameleon; flowers of...

A اير air, īr , Veretrum; hot (east) wind; north wind.

ايغور īg̠ẖūr , Igūra, a country inhabited by oriental Turks or Scythians, the eastern extremity of which extends to China.

با ختر bāḵẖtar , The west; the east; Bactria.

A بابل bābil, bābul , Babylon, renowned for wine and magic; the planet Jupiter; the East.

...bādi barīn, The north-east wind; the south-west wind; — bād būdan, To be nought; to perish; — bādi bīsh-waz, A violent wind; — bādi bahār, The gale of the spring; — bādi pas pusht, The west wind; — bādi pasīn, Future happiness; crepitus ventris; — bādi pesh, The east wind; — bād paimūdan

a باد شرطه bād-shurt̤a , A favourable wind; a north-easterly wind.

بادهلج bād-hilj, بادهنج bād-hanj , A contrivance on the top of houses in the East, in the form of a chimney, having an opening face to the west, which, catching the breeze, gives a refreshing coolness to the apartments with which it communicates.

A بالوعت bālūʻat , A hole or sink in the middle of houses in the East, into which they sweep the filth, and in which rain-water falls; a sewer; a place for washing the face and hands.

بتو batau , The East; a place much exposed to the sun; — batū, A funnel; a knot in the stalk of a plant; a pestle; a stone mortar; — ba-tū, To thee; — bitū, A cask; a handle; a pestle.

بجكم bajkam , A kind of stone seat in the porches of houses in the East, raised pretty high above the ground, upon which they sit or recline in warm weather; the lower part of the house, where they live in winter time; name of a Turkomān tribe.

بختر baḵẖtar , The east; — shāhi baḵẖtar u ḵẖāwar, King of the east and west.

بخرد biḵẖrad (for ba-ḵẖirad), Intelligent; — biḵẖradi biḵẖradān, The wisest of the wise (a title of the prime minister in some Eastern countries).

بر بلند bar-buland , Very high; an upper chamber in Eastern houses, open in the front.

برخ barḵẖ , A little, somewhat, some, a few; a lot, portion; a house, edifice, parlour, dining-room, or open apartment at the top of Eastern houses; a cavern, a subterraneous habitation, den; a cistern; conveniency; household furniture; lightning; a fish; a spark; — barḵẖ, burḵẖ, Dew.

برسن birsun , Cotton; — bursan, A ring of wood, or of hair, passed through a camel's nose, to which the bridle is fastened; a nose-jewel, worn by ladies in the East; a bride; a yoke. (Both words are perhaps misreadings for برس.)

برمك barmak , Surname of Jaʻfar, the founder of a noble family, originally from Balkh in Khurāsān, and highly celebrated all over the East for their generosity, magnificence, and distinguished patronage of men of genius; name of a place and of a country.

G بريشوى barīshawī , The eve of the sabbath, Easter, or any other festival, the preparation.

برين barīn (for bar īn), On, or upon, this; (from bar with the adjectival termination īn) high, sublime, eminent (in situation, quality, or dignity); upper, higher, highest; superior, supreme; perpetual, eternal; pleasant, agreeable; excellence of anything, the principal part; the north-east wind; a notch, fissure; name of a fire-temple...

...now however (a transition from one part of the subject to another, very common in letters); — min baʻd, Afterwards, for the future; — wa baʻd, And then (frequently used like ammā baʻd);] — buʻd, Distance, remoteness; — buʻdu ʼl-mashriqain, The distance between the two easts (i.e. between east and west, or between the solstices).

...بغداذ bag̠ẖdāẕ, بغدان bag̠ẖdān, بغدین bag̠ẖdīn, and مغدان mag̠ẖdān), The city of Baghdad, situated on the eastern side of the Tigris, the capital of Babylonian or Arabian Irāk; — bag̠ẖdādi ḵẖālī (ḵẖarāb, kuhna), (met.) An empty stomach; an empty wine-cup; — bag̠ẖdādi maʻmūra, Fulness, repletion; freshness...

بلبل balbal , = بلبله q.v.; — bulbul, The bulbul, a bird with a melodious voice, the nightingale, celebrated by the Eastern poets as "the lover of the rose"; hence met. a lover; a little king, viceroy; — bulbuli bustāni mā zāg̠ẖ, The nightingale of the garden of us crows, i.e.

بوزكند būzkand , A kind of settee placed before the doors in the East; a verandah, a pertico.

بيالبان biyālbān , The language and characters which, according to Eastern tradition, were peculiar to those beings whom they suppose to have inhabited the world before the creation of man.

ب‍ﮩ‍ادر bahādur , Brave, bold, valiant, courageous, magnanimous, warlike, strong, athletic; a soldier, champion, hero, chevalier, knight, horseman; a title of honour conferred by the Great Mogul and other Eastern potentates, bearing some resemblance to the European title of military knighthood.

ب‍ﮩ‍رام bahrām , The planet Mars; name of several kings of Persia, and of other kingdoms in the East (corrupted by the Greeks into Varanes); name of several heroes; the twentieth day of every month; name of an angel; the sword; — bihrām, Fasting, fast (not supported by examples).

A تشريق tashrīq (v.n. 2 of شرق) , Drying (flesh in the sun); tending towards, reaching unto the east, turning the face eastwards.

تنگلوش tangalosh, تنگلوشا tangaloshā , Name of the works of a famous Grecian artist, as celebrated in the East as those of the painter Mānī; the study or academy of Grecian painters.

جابلقا jābulqā , A. جابلق jābalaq, The east; name of another city, the limits of the world towards the east.

...mistress; elegant poetry; — jām paimūdan (ḵẖẉurdan, zadan, noshīdan), To drink wine; — jāmi jam (jamshed), The cup or mirror of Jam, Solomon, or Alexander, which, according to the Eastern fabulists, represented the whole world (whence it is also called jāmi jahān-numā or jāmi gītī-numā, a mirror showing the universe); (met.) a pharos, or light-house...

جاماس jāmās, جاماسب jāmāsb, جاماسف jāmāsf , The son of the prophet Daniel, celebrated in the East as a skilful physician; — jāmāsb-nāma, Name of a book written by him, a copy of which Castellus says he had in his possession.

...a violent exertion; to joke, jest; — jāma-rā rang dāda ba-nīl, Clad in mourning; — jāmaʼi raug̠ẖanī (raug̠ẖanīn), Oil-cloth — jāmaʼi saḥar, The sun; the east wind; — jāma siyāh kardan, To be in mourning; — jāmaʼi surḵẖ poshīdan, To don a red garment (sign of rage in a king); — jāmaʼi shikārī, Green clothes...

A جلباب jilbāb , A decrepit old man; a long veil, a shift, or pelisse worn by the Eastern ladies; — jilbāb shangarf, Red tulips; roses.

a جوکان jaukān , A club of an arched form used in the Eastern game of horse shinty (see چوگان).

A خافقين ḵẖāfiqain (obl. du. of ḵẖāfiq "horizon," used as nom.), The two horizons, East and West.

A خالص ḵẖāliṣ , Pure, unsullied; unadulterated; white; name of a stream in the east of Bagdād on the banks of which a castle of the same name is situated.

خاور ḵẖāwar , The west, but often used by the poets for the east; the sun; a thorn.

خاور خدا ḵẖārwar-ḵẖudā, خاور خداى ḵẖāwar-ḵẖudāy , Lord of the East (a title of Salm, son of Farīdūn).

خاوران ḵẖāwarān , East and west; a district in Khurāsān, birth-place of the poet Anwar.

خاورى ḵẖāwarī , Western; eastern; the sun; surname of the poet Anwarī.

خراسان ḵẖurāsān , The East; an extensive and noble country, the ancient Bactriana, lying to the north of the river Jaihūn; name of a note in music.

خور ḵẖẉur , Despicable, contemptible, abject, mean, vile, base, infamous; worthy, proper, agreeable to; a partner, consort; (S. svar) light, radiance; the sun; the east; name of an angel; the eleventh day of every solar month; food sufficient for the support of life; meat; flavour, relish, taste; a chameleon; a palace, villa; the famous palace of...

داری dārī , Thou hast or holdest; superintendent of the public granaries; a court, palace; a bell in the Christian churches in the East, for summoning the people to worship; a certain measure of wheat.

دامباك dāmbāk , Name of a king, who, according to Eastern belief, reigned over the ante-Adamites, beings supposed to have had flat heads, for which reason they are called by the Persians نیم سر q.v.

درخشش جاى duraḵẖshish-jāy , The East.

...watch (as the cat for a mouse); — zānū ba-zānū, Knee to knee; — zānū tah kardan, To sit on one's knees (a reverential position in the East); — zānū raṣad-gāh kardan, To sit and muse pensively; to watch; — zānū zadan, To kneel; — zānūʼi kāh, A truss of straw; — zānūʼi kaftār ba-guftani...

زغارغس zag̠ẖār-g̠ẖas , Small strips of fur wherewith the natives of some parts of the East garnish the skirts of their clothing.

a زفتى ziftī , Pitchy; [baḥri ziftī, The Sea of pitch, the Eastern or Pacific Ocean; — zuftī, Covetousness.

زليخا zulaiḵẖā , The wife of Potiphar, whose passion for Joseph is much celebrated in the East, particularly in the elegant Persian poems by Nizāmī and Jāmī.

A زنار zunnār, زنارة zunnārat , A belt (particularly a cord worn round the middle by the Eastern Christians and Jews; also by the Persian Magi); the Brahmanical thread; a Hindu rosary; (met.) the ringlets of a mistress; — zunnār az zīri ḵẖarqa gushādan, To divulge secrets; to disgrace; — zunnār...

زند رود zandarūd , Name of a note of the guitar; name of a river which runs through Ispahān from west to east.

سالار sālār , Old, aged; a prince, chieftain, leader, general, commander, viceregent, viceroy, lord-lieutenant, judge, or any person in high office; — sālāri bār, Master of ceremonies; — sālāri baitu ʼl-ḥarām, Muhammad; — sālāri jang, A leader in war (one of the titles given by Eastern princes to their nobles); — sālāri ḵẖẉān...

سجستان sijistān , A kingdom to the east of Persia (the ancient Drangiana).

A سجلاط sajulāt̤, sijalāt̤, sijillāt̤ , Jasmine; the covering or canopy over the camel-litter in which the Eastern ladies travel; a fine painted or figured linen cloth.

A سدة saddat, sadda , Obstruction, obstacle; — suddat, sudda, A porch, vestibule, doorway; an obstruction in the nose, coryza; — suddaʼi saʻādat, The court of felicity (an epithet by which some Eastern princes distinguish their residences).

a سقلات saqallāt, saqalāt, سقلاط saqallāt̤, saqalāt̤ , Scarlet cloth; — siqlāt̤, siqillāt (for sijlāt̤), Jasmine; the covering, awning, or canopy over the camel-litter in which the Eastern ladies travel.

سكندر sikandar , Alexander; two princes of this name are much celebrated in the East, both distinguished by the title of ẕū ʼl-qarnain, Having two horns (of the world), implying that they conquered the globe from east to west; the first supposed to be one of the most ancient kings; the other, Alexander of Macedon...

سیستان sīstān , Sijistān (the ancient Drangiana), a country lying to the eastward of Fārsistān, or Persia Proper. The famous Rustam held this country as a fief under the kings of Persia.

سیمرغ sīmurg̠ẖ , A fabulous bird, often mentioned in Eastern romance, the griffin (see عنقا ʻanqā); it is celebrated in the Shāh-nāma as the foster-father and teacher of Zāl, Rustam's father, whence others take it to be the name of a learned man who educated Zāl.

شادهکام shādakām , The country of delight, the name of a province in the kingdom of jinnistān or Fairy-land, much celebrated in Eastern romance, the capital of which is called jawāhir-ābād, City of jewels.

A شارق shāriq , (The sun) rising and shining; the eastern side of anything; name of an idol; — shāriq shudan, To rise (the sun).

شاه بیت shāh-bait , The royal distich or concluding verse of the Ghazal or Eastern ode.

شاه نامه shāh-nāma , A history of kings; the book of kings, title of a poetical and most romantic history of the ancient Persian monarchs, by Firdausī, who is justly considered as the Homer of the East.

A شرق sharq (v.n.), Rising (as the sun), sun-rise; the (rising) sun; the place of sun-rise, the East; light shining through a crevice; slitting the ear of a sheep; — sharaq (v.n.), Being slit in the ear (cattle); an ear slit; choking, being suffocated; sticking in the throat; being pained...

A شرقة sharqat, sharqa , A sunny place; the east; the rising sun; — shurqat, Suffocation; sorrow, anxiety; — sharaqat, A mark set on a slit-eared sheep.

a شرقستان sharqistān , The east, Asia.

a شرقی sharqī, fem. شرقیة sharqīyat, sharqīya , Oriental, eastern; sunny, exposed to the sun; grown in an eastern place (a tree); — alsinaʼi shārqīya, The Oriental languages.

a شش طرف shash t̤araf , Six sides, i.e. east, west, north, south, above, beneath.

ش‍ﮩ‍بيت shah-bait , The last distich of the ghazal or Eastern ode; also of an epigram; — shah-baiti duʻāʼi shāh, The conclusion of the prayer for the king.

A صبا ṣabā (v.n. of صبو) , Blowing from the east (wind); east wind; a gentle breeze, zephyr; a horse with a gentle pace; [bādi ṣabā, The zephyr;] — ṣibā, Boyishness, childishness, extreme youthfulness.

...of صبو) , Blowing from the east (wind); the ignorance and thoughtlessness of youth; playing with boys; having childish inclinations; — ṣubūʼ, صبوٴة ṣubūʼat (v.n. of صباٴ), Rising (a star); coming forth (tooth or nail); changing one's religion, becoming a Sabean.

...ṣifati ʻariẓīya, An accidental or movable quality;] — ṣuffat, ṣuffa, A sofa, bench; a dais, estrade or raised floor; a covered place for reclining on before the doors of Eastern houses or mosques; — ahli ṣuffa (benchers), A number of companions of Muhammad's flight, who, having neither friends nor calling at Madīnah, lived on the donations of the faithful, and...

...of ʻadat) manners, customs, habits; — ʻīdi usbūʻ, Pentecost; — ʻīdu ʼẓ-ẓuḥā (ʻīdi aẓḥá), The festival of sacrifices at Mecca; — ʻīdi sharīf, Easter, the passover; — ʻīdi ṣag̠ẖīr (fit̤r), The festival of the breaking of the Ramaẓān fast; — ʻīdi g̠ẖadīr (g̠ẖadīri ḵẖam), A festival celebrated by the Imāmīyah sect on the 18th of

a عيدى ʻīdī, عيديه ʻīdīya, ʻīdiya , Of or relating to a feast; a present made on a festive occasion; an Easter-gift; pocket-money given to children on a feast-day.

...of a dāniq (of seven dīnārs); the sun; also his rays; the true point of the qiblah; the eastern part of Irāk; a cloud proceeding from the direction of the qiblah, or from the east of Irāk; rain lasting several days; flowing water; a fountain, source, conduit; a kind of bird; name of several places; (pl. of

A فاخر fāḵẖir , fem. fāḵẖirat, fāḵẖira, A boaster; precious, valuable; excellent, honourable, distinguished; a large sort of date without stone; — ḵẖilʻati fāḵẖira, A rich dress presented by Eastern princes to those whom they mean to honour.

فرنجيه faranjīya , Name of war-engine introduced by the Franks into the East.

A فسح fasḥ (v.n.), Making more room for one in an assembly; being spacious and roomy; granting a firmān or passport; a passport; width of step; Easter, the Passover; — fusḥ, Large-chested (man); — fasaḥ, Width of step; — fusuḥ, Wide, spacious, roomy.

A فصح faṣḥ (v.n.), Bursting forth and overwhelming one (the light of the morning); using elegant and perspicuous language; being eloquent; eloquence, rhetorical accomplishments; eloquent, clear (man or speech); — fiṣḥ, A day without cloud, or cold, Easter, Passover; — fuṣuḥ (pl. of faṣḥ, faṣīḥ), Eloquent men, orators, great speakers...

ف‍ﮩ‍ار fahār , A precious stone from the East, which, taken as medicine, is said to cure madness.

A قبل qabl (v.n.), Putting the strap qibāl to a sandal, or tying it; blowing from the east (wind); the fore part, front, face; before; [qabl az ān, Before that, prior to; previously; beforehand; — qabl az īn, Before this, before now, heretofore; — qabl az waqt, Beforehand...

...dushtiyān), fire (according to Firdausī not the object of adoration, but the prayer-direction of the fire-worshippers); — qiblaʼi ʻālam (qibla of the world), A title assumed by Eastern princes; — qiblaʼi kaunain (qibla of both forms of existence or lives), A father;] — qublat, A kiss; a philtre for reconciling enemies; bail, surety; [qubla dādan, To...

...of قبل) , Receiving favourably, taking well, consenting, granting; blowing from the east (wind); east wind; consent, compliance, a favourable reception, concession; approbation; a midwife; beauty; ornament; [qabūl uftādan, To prove acceptable; to deign to accept (m.c.); — qabūli jawāb, An answer (filed in a suit) acknowledging the justice of a demand; — qabūl kardan, To agree...

T قفتان qaftān , A robe of honour which Eastern princes present to ambassadors and other persons of distinction.

a قيروان qairawān, qairuwān (for كاروان q.v.), A caravan, a body of travellers; name of a city in Maghrib; — qīrwān, The environs of a cultivated place; going through, viewing cities; the horizon, east and west; a caravan.

...name of the father of a tribe; also of the tribe itself; also of a city in Egypt, and of an island in the sea of ʻUmān (for كيش q.v.); [qaisi majnūn, Name of the lover of Lailá, a celebrated hero of Eastern romance;] — qīs, Quantity, measure, value; — qīsi rumḥ, A spear's length.

لیزم lezam , A kind of bow with an iron chain instead of a string, with which the natives of the East exercise their bodies.

A مؤتة muʼtat, mūtat, mūta , Name of a place east of Damascus, where swords were formerly made; — g̠ẖazwaʼi mūta, A celebrated battle.

A ماٴجوج maʼjūj, mājūj , Magog, son of Japhet; Eastern Tartary.

A مجنون majnūn , Possessed by a demon or jinn; insane, mad, furious; a fanatic, a maniac; name of a celebrated Eastern lover (see لیلی).

A محول maḥūl , An informer, sycophant; dry, barren, afflicted with dearth; — muḥwil, A child one year (ḥaul) old; — muḥauwal, Changed; conferred; name of the eastern part of Bagdad; (for muḥwil) one year old (child); — muḥauwil, A turner, changer, converter.

مر mar , Measure, number; calculation, computation; a symbol or counter used by the natives of the East, to facilitate the adding up of large sums, and set against every hundred according to some, and according to others against every fifty; since, because, wholly, solely; a particle placed before the genitive, dative, or accusative of Persian nouns, mostly...

...of رثی) , Lamenting (anyone), pronouncing a funeral eulogium; an elegy, dirge; a funeral oration sung during the Muharram in commemoration of Hasan and Husain; — mars̤iya giriftan, To sing a dirge or make a doleful noise in the manner of the female mourners in the East.

A مشارق mashāriq , Eastern places.

A مشارك mushārak , Common, shared in common; mutual, reciprocal; — mushārik, An associate, partner; a wind close to the north-east.

A مشرق mashriq , The east, sun-rising; [mashriq-gushāda zāli (bāli) zar, Dawn; sunrise;] — mushriq, Bright, shining; — musharraq, (Meat) dried in the sun; (a garment) dyed red; plastered red (edifice); an oratory, place dedicated to prayer; the mosque of Khaif; the market of Tāʼif; — musharriq, One who...

a مشرقين mashriqain (obl. du. used as nom.), East and west; — buʻdu ʼl-mashriqain, dūri mashriqain, The distance of the east and the west.

a مشرقی mashriqī , Oriental, eastern.

A مصاطب maṣāt̤ib (pl. of miṣt̤abat), Benches, stone platforms, estrades upon which the people of the East recline.

a مصبو maṣbū , Blown on by the east wind.

A مصطبة miṣt̤abat, miṣt̤aba , A long and wide bench or stone-platform raised two feet from the ground, on which the people of the East recline; a tavern; a hospice (for strangers), an inn, caravanserai.

A مغربان mag̠ẖribān (du. of mag̠ẖrib), West and east.

A مغربين mag̠ẖribain (obl. du. of mag̠ẖrib, used as nom.), West and east.

A مقلاء miqlāʼ , The club or bandy with which the qulat is struck in an Eastern game.

T ملتم maltam , Periodic north-east winds; a calm.

A نؤ nawʼ (v.n. of نواٴ) , Rising with difficulty, striving to rise (with a heavy load); setting in the west (as a star) in the twilight, another rising opposite to it in the east.

نخو naḵẖū , Chief town in the district south-east of Tiflis (m.c.).

A نواقيس nawāqīs (pl. of nāqūs), Wooden gongs used by the Christians in the East instead of bells.

نيم تن nīm-tan, نيم تنه nīm-tana , The Creator; a short garment or shirt; a vest worn by the eastern monks, called Qalandars, which reaches to the lower part of the belly; a lady's jacket (m.c.); — nīm-tan, = نيم چهره q.v. below.

A نکباء nakbāʼ , A wind blowing obliquely, a side wind, four in number, which are called: — al-azyab, South-east wind; — al-jirbiyāʼ, North-west; — aṣ-ṣābiya, North-east; — al-ḥīf (ḥaif?), South-west.

هر آوا har-āwā, هر آواز har-āwāz , A nightingale, or rather a bird peculiar to the East which sings all notes.

هرات hirāt , Good fortune; a man of good fortune; name of one of the capital cities in Khurāsān, Herāt; — bādi hirāt, East wind.

هما hamā , A shower, rain; — humā, A bird of Eastern fable, supposed to fly constantly in the air without touching the ground, and looked upon as a bird of happy omen, prognosticating a crown to every head it overshades; a bird of paradise, phœnix, large royal eagle, or pelican; — humāyi baiẓaʼi dīn, An...

واخ wāḵẖ , Rectitude, verity, truth; sure, true, certain, right; a conjecture, especially approaching to certainty; the dawn; the east, or place of the dawn; a transverse beam or bow, used (by wheelwrights) in boring or turning; a particle of applause or approbation.

واختر wāḵẖtar (for bāḵẖtar), The east.

وارتگان wārat-gāh , The dawn; the east.

a وزارتخانه wizārat-ḵẖāna , Ministry; — wizārat-ḵẖāna sharqiya, Ministry for Eastern affairs (in Russia, m.c.).

وشتن washtan , To dance; a dance, especially a kind of circular motion peculiar to the eastern monks or dervīshes.

a وقايه waqāya , A silken or linen veil which reaches to the feet (worn by the Eastern ladies when abroad; that which they wear at home does not hide the face, nor come lower than the knee).

A ياٴ جوج yāʼjūj , One who kindles a fire; a mover of sedition; Gog; the people of Eastern Seythia, beyond Imaus; — yāʼjūj wa maʼjūj, Gog and Magog.

يزد yazd , A city in the most eastern part of Fārs or Persia Proper, famous for a manufacture of cloth called yazdī; God.

...extremely beautiful (Joseph being the ideal of manly beauty in Eastern tales); — yūsufi-roz (yūsufi zarrīn-rasan), The world-illuminating sun; — yūsufi zībaq-niqāb, The sun veiled by a cloud; — yūsufi gurgi mast, A beloved object.

yaumi badr, (the day of Badr) A celebrated battle gained by Muhammad, and decisive for the early fate of Islām; — yaumi ḥaṣād, Harvest-time; — yaumi ʻīd, A festival; Easter; — yaum yaum, Each day; — auwal yaum, The first day; — kull yaum, Every day;] — yawam (v.n.), Being disastrous (a day).

پشت pusht (S. prishṭa), The back; the outside; the blade of a sword; a support, prop; a protector, patron; a pannel, pack-saddle, knot, upon which porters in the East carry their burdens; generation, descent; a catamite; name of a town in Khurāsān, and of a district in the vicinity of Nīshābūr; — pushti bām...

پولاد pūlād , The finest Damascus steel, which, with that of Qūm, is esteemed the best in the East; steel generally, a sword; name of a demon and of a famous warrior; a club; — pūlādi hindī, An Indian sword (see پویگان).

چارحد chār ḥad , East, west, north, south.

چارطاق chār t̤āq , Four columns, i.e. a principal room on the top of Eastern houses, open in front and supported by four pillars; a kind of quadrangular tent; a kitchen-tent; the elements; the sky, the firmament.

چله chilla, chila , A bow-string; a selvage; a quadragesimal fast, the forty days of Lent, during which the religious fraternities of the East shut themselves up in their cells, or remain at home; (also chillaʼi dai) forty days of winter, during which the weather is most severe; forty days after child-birth.

کوس kos , A tymbal, large brass drum, a kettle-drum, which is beat in the palaces or camps of Eastern princes; a road-measure of about two miles; a row, rank, line; two persons who knock their sides or shoulders together; collision, shock; a game in which the men are drawn up in rows like chess; the...

H گریال garyāl , A round flat plate of bell-metal, used in the East as a bell to strike he hours upon.

گنگ دژ gang-dizh , Name of a fortress in Babylon; name of a place in the East.